Other factors in the blank range are the target size (which determines how far above and below the line of sight the trajectory may deviate), the height of the sights, and an acceptable drop before a shot is ineffective. The range of distance inside the maximum point-blank range is greatly dependent on the external ballistics of the cartridge in question high velocity rounds have long point-blank ranges, while slow rounds have much shorter point-blank ranges.
Small arms are often sighted-in so that the sight line and bullet path are within a certain acceptable margin out to the longest possible range, called the maximum point-blank range. Various cannon of the 19th century had point-blank ranges from 250 yards (12 lb howitzer, 0.595 lb (0.270 kg) powder charge) to nearly 1075 yards (30 lb carronade, solid shot, 3.53 lb (1.60 kg) powder charge). The point-blank range varies significantly with not only the ballistics of the gun, but also its shape, as it is shape that determines the natural line of sight on which point-blank range is based. Any target within the point-blank range required the gun to be depressed any target beyond the point-blank range required the gun to be elevated, up to the angle of greatest range, which happens somewhat before 45 degrees of elevation. This distance was considered the point-blank range. īy firing a given projectile and charge in the cannon, the distance at which the shot fell below the bottom of the bore could be measured. This caused the bullet or shot or cannonball to rise above the natural line of sight very soon after leaving the muzzle, and later dropping below the line of sight due to the curved trajectory of the projectile. In addition, the firing of the gun caused the muzzle to elevate slightly due to recoil, and this would result in an upward movement of the shot even in a cylindrical cannon. The barrels of the cannon tapered down from breech to muzzle, so that when the top of the cannon was held horizontal, the bore actually sat at an elevated angle. The term originated with the techniques used to aim muzzle loading cannon. The military does it by testing and retesting. Note: It is essential that the point-blank range with designated ammunition be determined by the manufacturer, by fixed stand testing to have a true determination of a specific weapon's "point-blank range". A marksman should be able to hit the target every time at point-blank range, providing there are no deficiencies in the weapon, ammunition or marksman. Point-blank range is the distance a marksman can reasonably expect to fire a specific weapon hitting a specific target without further adjustment of the fixed sights.
The term therefore means "aim at the white point in the center of the target". The centre of a target was once a small white spot and the French for white is blanc. The term point-blank range is of French origin.
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